在日常工作中，會簡單的使用一下mysql,故對常見命令操作總結(jié)一下，常用方式如下 

        1. mysqldump 命令的使用 

        備份和導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫 

        mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username -p --opt databasename > 

        backup-file.sql 

        只導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫表結(jié)構(gòu) 

        mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username -p 

        databasename >database_structure.sql 

        只導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫中的某個表 

        mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -u Username -p databasename 

        tablename > dump.sql 

        如果不想手工輸入密碼 請使用--password 參數(shù) 

        mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username --password=123456 --opt 

        databasename > backup-file.sql 

        mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username --password=123456 

        databasename >database_structure.sql 

        2. mysql 命令使用 

        將查詢結(jié)果保存到文件 

        select title from book into outfile '/tmp/outfile.txt';

        查找表中多余的重復(fù)記錄，重復(fù)記錄是根據(jù)某個字段(peopleId)來判斷 

        select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people 

        group by 

        peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1); 

        查詢表中不重復(fù)記錄(排除重復(fù)記錄) 

        select * from phome_ecms_wma where title in (select distinct title from phome_ecms_wma); 

        刪除表中重復(fù)記錄,重復(fù)記錄是根據(jù)某個字段(title)來判斷 

        select *,count(distinct title) INTO OUTFILE '/tmp/table.bak' from 

        phome_ecms_wma group by title; 

        delete from phome_ecms_wma; 

        LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/table.bak' REPLACE INTO TABLE phome_ecms_wma 

        character set utf8; 

        查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫當前編碼 

        mysql> show variables like "character_set%"; 

        修改表字段類型 

        mysql> alter table table_name change last_action last_action datetime 

        -00-00 00:00:00'; NOT NULL default '0000

        給表添加一個新字段 

        mysql> ALTER TABLE host ADD ks_mac VARCHAR(100); 

        從表中刪除一個字段 

        mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name DROP field_name; 

        重命名表 

        mysql>alter table t1 rename t2; 

        給字段加索引 

        mysql> alter table tablename add index 索引名 (字段名1[，字段名2 …]);

        mysql> alter table tablename add index emp_name (name);

        加主關(guān)鍵字的索引 

        mysql> alter table tablename add primary key(id); 

        加唯一限制條件的索引 

        mysql> alter table tablename add unique emp_name2(cardnumber);

        刪除某個索引 

        mysql>alter table tablename drop index emp_name; 

        遠程訪問mysql 設(shè)置 

        mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_test.* to [email protected] 

        IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; 

        mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;